Ngokubanzi, amagama esiNgesi eendawo ezininzi eTshayina akwiPinyin ngqo, kodwa kukho ezinye izinto ezahlukileyo. Umzekelo: IShanghai, ikomkhulu lemilingo, ayilo "shanghai" ngesiNgesi, kwaye igama lesiNgesi elithi "Tibet" alilo "Xizang", ngoko ke uwabiza njani amagama abo esiNgesi?
Ithetha ukuthini iShanghai?
Xa sijonga isichazi-magama saseOxford, intsingiselo yegama elithi Shanghai yile: ukukhohlisa okanye ukunyanzela umntu ukuba enze into angafuni ukuyenza.
Imvelaphi yeli gama kukuba kwiminyaka yokuqala, abantu babesiza eShanghai bevela eYurophu beze kurhweba. Oomatiloshe ngokubanzi babengafuni ukuhamba ngolu hlobo elwandle. Yithi nje Singabantu baseShanghai. (Siqhathiwe!)
Umzekelo:
Ndifumene umtshato eShanghai.
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ibhekisa kwelithi “Ndifuna ukubamba umtshato”, elithetha ukunyanzela okanye ukunyanzela umtshakazi othile ukuba angatshati nomyeni.
Yintoni "iShanghai" ngesiNgesi?
IsiNgesi saseShanghai ngokwenene yiShanghai
Ngaba amagama esiNgesi athi “Shanxi” kunye “Shaanxi” ayafana?
Igama lesiNgesi lePhondo laseShanxi lithi: Shanxi
IsiNgesi sePhondo laseShaanxi sithetha: iShaanxi, ethetha olunye ulwimi olungaphezulu kuneShanxi.
Kutheni uShaanxi ebhalwe kabini u-a, kungekhona u-n obhalwe kabini?
Oku kuquka ingcamango ethi “Mandarin Romaji”, eyinkqubo yokubhala isiLatini kubalinganiswa besiTshayina, eyayisakuba yinkqubo yefonetiki “yeRiphabliki yaseTshayina”.
KwiPinyin yesiTshayina yanamhlanje, “iimpawu zethoni” zisetyenziselwa ukumela iithoni ezine, ezizezi: Yinping (ˉ), Yangping (ˊ), Shangsheng (ˇ), Qusheng (ˋ), kwaye zinokubizwa ngokuba ziithoni zokuqala nezesibini. , iithoni zesithathu nezesine.
Oonobumba besiRoma saseMandarin abasebenzisi iimpawu ukuphawula iithoni, kodwa oonobumba. Umzekelo, u-ā, á, ǎ, à kwi-“Hanyu Pinyin” baphawulwa ngolu hlobo: a, ar, aa, ah koonobumba besiRoma saseMandarin.
oko kukuthi ā = a; ǎ = aa
Ngoko ke “uShanxi” (shān xī) ubhalwe ngesiNgesi njengeshanxi
Upelo lwesiNgesi luka “Shaanxi” (shǎn xī) ngu-shaanxi
Amabinzana esiNgesi kwezinye iindawo
Kusekho iindawo ezininzi eTshayina apho isiNgesi sazo singachazwanga ngePinyin yesiTshayina
①Hong Kong: Hong Kong /ˌhɒŋˈkɒŋ/
Igama lesiNgesi laseHong Kong yiHong Kong. Ngenxa yokuba yayineminyaka engaphezu kwe-150 yolawulo lwamakoloniyali aseBritane, iHong Kong iye yaba ligama eliqhelekileyo lesiNgesi.
②IMacao: Macau /məˈkaʊ/
Igama lesiNgesi leMacau yiMacao. Ngenxa yokuba iMacau yayikade iyikoloni yamaPhuthukezi, ibhalwa njengeMacau ngesiPhuthukezi kwaye iMacao ngesiNgesi. Eli gama likwayindlela eqhelekileyo.
③Inner Mongolia: Inner Mongolia/ˌɪnəˌmɒŋˈgəʊliə/
Igama elithi “Inner Mongolia” ngesiNgesi lithetha “i-Inner Mongolia”. Igama elithi inner lithetha “i-internal”, kwaye igama elithi Mongolia lithetha “iMongolia” ngesiNgesi.
Nangona kunjalo, iNei Mongol isetyenziswa kwiipasipoti zama-Inner Mongolians. INei ivela kwi-pinyin “nei”, kwaye iMongol ligama lesiNgesi elithetha “amaMongol”.
④Xiamen: Amoy
I-Xiamen, ezinye iintatheli zaphesheya kwezilwandle, zayibhala njenge-Amoy, kuba yayiligama elaqanjwa ngabantu bamanye amazwe ngokusekelwe kwintetho yasekuhlaleni, kodwa igama lesiNgesi elamkelweyo ngokusemthethweni yiTshayina lisasekelwe kwi-pinyin Xiamen.
Kufanelekile ukubhiyozela ukuba sifumene iodolo yebhetshiIzikhonkwane zebhakethi kunye neebhotshi ze-PC200kubathengi basePERU. Kuvele ukuba yonke into iza kuba ngcono nangona kunjalo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-11-2022